Introduction: The ethical dimensions of agriculture need to be explored, distinguishing between ethics in agriculture and ethics of agriculture. Ethics in agriculture is traditionally based on abstract moral theory, formulated through logical reasoning, but often found inadequate to address the complex ethical challenges within agriculture due to its abstract nature and lack of practical visibility. Conversely, ethics of agriculture is approached within a context-specific framework derived from the research topic with the aim of providing more tailored solutions. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive review of the relevant literature is conducted, using a descriptive-analytical approach to provide a conceptual framework for understanding agricultural ethics. Conclusion: The article highlights the critical need for a comprehensive ethical framework to address the multifaceted ethical challenges in the agricultural sector. The importance of analyzing and resolving ethical dilemmas at all stages of agriculture is underscored in order to align practices with human ideals and to ensure ethical decision-making by stakeholders involved in agriculture.

Development as a key concept in social science has had widespread theoretical and conceptual transformation, related to fundamental and deep transformations in advanced societies. After a long time that under the impact of positivism it implied quantitative changes in separated areas of economy and politics, on the basis of development economics and political economy it was related to basic and qualitative changes in attitudes and structures in different dimensions, and made possible a multidisciplinary study on "development". Now, beyond classic literature of modernization, development is viewed as a comprehensive concept, related to polity, economy and humanity with definite criteria and indexes. This essay tries to conclude its scientific, standard and deep contents in order to solve mental and practical chaos and Iran's problems and difficulties.

Human’s way of life is placing an increasing burden on the planet. We are damaging the natural environment and imposing on the nature for excess of needs dictated by ecological and biological dimensions. This implies, damaging the life of the next generations and negating the principles of sustainable development. Humans detrimental behavior is based on principles of growth paradigm, in which, human comsumption patterns have negative effects on the environment. The current model of development is unsustainable and can not secure the future of human beings on the planet.This article identifies similarities and differences of the paradigms of growth and sustainability. The main contribution of the article is to develop a new conceptual frameworks for sustainable development by including political parameter as an extra dimension and presenting two conceptual frameworks:1) for humans and eco-systems wellbeing and 2) for the process of change.

Digitalization and automation of technological processes are two of the leading trends in the development of information technology. The industrial Internet of Things (IOT) is the future of every field with complex and multicomponent technological processes. The possibility of full automation implies the interaction of a large number of different technologies and methods, one of which is mathematical modeling. The mathematical model allows formalizing the representation of any object, which is essential in the development of control systems. One of the most effective options for using this method is the mathematical description of natural objects. An important feature is that with the use of mathematics, it is possible to describe not only the geometric parameters of the object but also the dynamics of changes in the parameters of the object with respect to the input influences. This paper proposes to develop a conceptual model of an oil field that can reflect and predict changes in the reservoir under the conditions of changes in the parameters of the field operation mode. The study presents the process of determining and selecting the most significant parameters for modeling and presents a draft mathematical model of the oil field as a system of equations for the most significant parameters of the oil field.

Organizational university is the link between an organization and specialized knowledge; and is known as one of the most efficient mechanisms for global competition. Regarding the closing or merging announcements of some of the above universities into some public universities, as well as other issues the universities are involved, the purpose of the present research is to extract effective factors of the universities evolution and development in Iran. Therefore, research data were collected and coded through interviewing with 12 experts of organizational university area and university administrators using Grounded Theory Method. Research findings show that several organizational and academic factors may influence university performance including clarifying the purpose of university, organization and university CEOs, finance, and level of participation, learners, structure flexibility, educational programs, and knowledge management. University independence and privatization are also university external effective factors. It is recommended that private sector is enabled for effective and economic operation through clarifying and proper implementing of Article 44 of Constitution; then, the organizational university would shed light to the individual and organizational growth and development.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified training course.

The present study was conducted by examining the views of relevant experts and their exposure to child labor in Shiraz. Data were obtained through in-depth interviews and analyzed based on grounded theory. Ten axial categories and one core category were extracted from the coding process. The core category was developed under the title of "institutional passivity and sectoralism". The results of the research showed that the causal conditions such as incompatibility and institutional and managerial confusion, diversity of perspectives to the phenomenon of child labor and non-governmental organizations and indifference towards child labor has caused the emergence of this phenomenon. Intervening conditions include: negative representation and conflicting media activities, Inhibition of some domestic and international rules and laws and child labor of nationals and the problem of identification and identity. This central phenomenon is located in special conditions and contexts due to family pressure and starting the work process in childhood, child labor as an income generating industry, child labor as a source of financial support for the family and the unique opportunity for working children, and Shiraz's oppurtunities for immigrants. The type of encounter with working children in Shiraz has caused numerous consequences that can be seen Unreasonable increase of child labor of nationals, Failure to contain and control the problem of working children, lack of proper organization and social support of working children, Anonymity of working children and persuasion and encouragement of nationals to immigrate to Shiraz.

The Null curriculum is the most important concept in the curriculum that was first proposed by Eisner (1979). Eisner emphasized the omissions of the curriculum as the Null curriculum and ignored the rest of its dimensions. The purpose of this study was to identify the nature of the curriculum, types, dimensions, levels, and its consequences using the method of document research and study and analysis of research conducted in this field. The results of this study showed that the Null curriculum is a concept beyond the Null curriculum considered by Eisner, and in addition to the omissions of the curriculum, it includes items that, with their presence, create shortcomings in the education of learners. According to the new perspective, seven types of null curricula were identified: "neglected, omitted, demoded, distorted, sterilized, Overused and, prohibited were formed, which can occur intentionally or unintentionally during the design, implementation or learning of the curriculum. They cause defects and deficiencies in the field of learning the knowledge, value and skills required by learners and leave unpleasant personal and social effects and consequences.